The key objectives of the study were:
-
to identify critical challenges related to various Science and Technology dimensions
-
to suggest interventions for overcoming these challenges for achieving the vision of “Make in India”
Data were collected from 7 industry sectors viz. Automobiles and Auto-components, Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Construction (equipment, tools and materials), Electronics, Industrial Equipment & Machinery, Pharmaceuticals and Textiles & Apparels for this study.
Broad Methodology of the Study: Four different components included in the study for gaining multifarious insights were:
Country Case Analysis: Based on secondary information from economic plans and strategic initiatives of China, South Korea and Thailand, Country case analysis was conducted to gain insights on drivers of their success in manufacturing and exports.
Analysis Based on Interaction with Industry Associations: Keeping in view the objectives of the study, a schedule was canvassed to office bearers of industry associations to capture first-hand and experience based perspective of industrialists. In all, responses from 54 industry association executives from 8 states were collected.
Analysis based on Primary Sample Survey of Firms : In order to gauge the technology adoption, intensity, skill usage, shortages of technical manpower, efforts and commitment to R & D and their views on various facets related to “Make in India” primary sample survey of 154 firms spread across 9 states was conducted. The sample included small, medium and large scale firms in proportion of 10:7:4.
Analysis based on the Inputs from Skill Creators: We also solicited views on some STI related challenges faced by industry and requirements for success of ”Make in India” from institutions like IITs, Universities, ITIs, TBIs and STEPs. Responses from 10 academicians/CEOs/scientists were obtained.
Descriptive statistics viz. percentages have been used for analysis of primary data.
Key Challenges: In all, 24 distinct challenges for intervention were identified through our approach. The top 10 challenges that need to be addressed for improving on various facets related to Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) for success of “Make in India” are as listed in table below:
|
Challenges |
STI Dimension(s) Affected |
1 |
Shortage of Skilled /Competent Manpower |
R&D, Designing & Prototyping, New Product Development, Technology Adoption, Innovation and Quality Control |
2 |
Inadequate Technology (Need for Better /Latest Technology and Tools) |
R&D, Designing & Prototyping, New Product Development, Technology Adoption, Innovation and Quality Control |
3 |
Lack of Funding Assistance (To procure latest equipment) |
R&D, Designing & Prototyping, New Product Development, Technology Adoption, Innovation, Quality Control and Pollution Control |
4 |
Lack of Information /Awareness about Technology |
R&D, Technology adoption, Innovation and Pollution Control |
5 |
High Risk of Failure |
R&D, Designing & Prototyping, New Product Development, Technology Adoption and Innovation |
6 |
Lack of Support from Government Technical Institutions |
R&D and Designing &Prototyping |
7 |
Non-availability of Required Material |
R&D, New Product Development |
8 |
Lack of In-house Infrastructure |
New Product Development, Technology Adoption and Innovation |
9 |
Government Policies are not Conducive |
R&D and Technology Adoption |
10 |
Lack of Culture of R&D and Innovation in Organizations |
R&D and Innovation |